Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pecentralized photovoltaic systems uye yakagoverwa photovoltaic systems?

Nekupararira kwekugamuchirwa kwesimba rakachena pasi rese, photovoltaic (PV) tekinoroji yekugadzira magetsi iri pamberi. Parizvino, kune maviri makuru ekuisa mamodheru: centralized photovoltaic masisitimu uye akagovera photovoltaic masisitimu (PV). Ichi chinyorwa chichaenzanisa nekuongorora mutsauko uye zvakanakira zveaya maviri masisitimu zvichienderana neazvino data uye mafambiro epasi rose.

1. Tsanangudzo uye Chikero

Centralized PV masisitimu akakura-akakura anowanikwa munzvimbo dziri kure serenje kana marara, uko zviwanikwa zvezuva zvakawandisa uye mutengo wepasi wakaderera, uine masimba akaiswa kubva pamakumi kusvika kumazana emamegawati.

Yakagoverwa PV masisitimu ari epakati kusvika padiki-zvikero kuisirwa kazhinji inowanikwa padyo nenzvimbo dzekurodha, senge matenga edzimba, mafekitori, kana matura, ane akaiswa masimba anowanzo kubva kilowatts kusvika megawatts.

2. Grid Kubatanidza uye Kuendesa kure  

Distributed PV systems dzakabatana kuburikidza ne-low-voltage kana yepakati-voltage kugovera network, zvichiita kuti kushandiswa kwemagetsi emunharaunda nekurasikirwa kwekutapurirana kwakaderera.

Centralized PV masisitimu akabatana neakakwira-voltage transmission network, kuendesa simba pamusoro pemadaro marefu nekurasikirwa kwekutapurirana kwakanyanya.

3. Investment, Kuvaka, uye Maintenance  

Yakagoverwa PV masisitimu inopa zvakanakira senge yakaderera yekutanga kudyara, nguva pfupi yekubhadhara, kuchinjika kutumirwa, uye nyore kugadzirisa, uye inogona kutungamirwa nevashandisi vekupedzisira kana vanopa masevhisi.

Centralized PV masisitimu inoda mari yakakura uye yakaoma zvivakwa (substations, inverter makamuri, switchgear, nezvimwewo), ine yakakwirira tekinoroji manejimendi zvinodiwa.

4. Kushanda Kwesimba uye Giridhi Tsigiro

Distributed PV inotsigira kushandiswa kwepakarepo munharaunda, kuderedza kutapurirana tsvina nekuvandudza simba rekushandisa simba.

Centralized PV inokwirisa hupfumi hwechiyero uye chepamusoro kudzora masimba kuti atsigire zvinobudirira reactive simba regulation uye grid frequency control.

5. Matambudziko ehunyanzvi uye Grid Impact

Yakagoverwa PV inotarisana nematambudziko akadai sereverse simba kuyerera, kukurumidza kubuda kushanduka, uye kugadzikana nyaya, zvinoda yakagadziridzwa grid control system.

Centralized PV inotarisana nemitengo yakakwira yekutapurirana, kurasikirwa kwekurebesa kutapurirana, uye zvakaomesesa grid connection zvinodiwa, kusanganisira yakaderera-voltage ride-through (LVRT) kugona.

6. Global Deployment Trends  

Kubva muna 2023, iyo Australia yakagoverwa PV yakaiswa simba (inoda kusvika 23,169 megawatts) inodarika nepakati PV (inoda kusvika 11,016 megawatts), ichiratidza hutongi huri kukura hwechizvarwa chakagoverwa.

MuBrazil, pakupera kwa2022, huwandu hwakaiswa hwesolar PV hwaive hunosvika makumi maviri nemanomwe gigawatts, nePV yakagovaniswa yeanosvika 27 gigawatts uye yepakati PV accounting ingangoita 18.8 gigawatts.

Muchidimbu, epakati PV masisitimu uye akagoverwa PV masisitimu imwe neimwe ine yakasarudzika mabhenefiti uye miganhu. Iyo yepakati modhi inokunda muhombe-yepakati kudzora uye gidhi rutsigiro, nepo akagoverwa masisitimu anopa kuchinjika, kukwirira kwenzvimbo, uye nekukurumidza kudzoka. Mabasa anopindirana ese ari maviri achafambisa shanduko yepasi rose kune remangwana rakagadzikana, rakachena resimba.